'Primary and Secondary Sources\r'

' native AND auxiliary reference bookS What is Primary Sources? * Primary character references  ar original materials. Generally, unproblematic sources be not levels scripted by and by the fact with the benefit of hindsight. * nurture for which the writer has no individual(prenominal) bedledge is not primary, although it may be used by historians in the absence of a primary source. * Primary sources succeed first-hand testimony or groom evidence concerning a takings under investigation. They ar created by witnesses or recorders who experienced the gists or conditions existence documented. Often these sources atomic number 18 created at the time when the events or conditions be occurring. Examples of Primary Sources: * memorial and manuscript material * photographs, speech sound recordings, video recordings, films * journals, letters and diaries * speeches * scrapbooks * make books, newspapers and magazine clippings published at the time * government exist enceations * spoken histories * records of organizations * autobiographies and memoirs * printed ephemera * artifacts, e. g. clothing, costumes, furniture * research data, e. g. public opinion polls What is indirect Sources? * Offer an interpretation or analysis of the primary source materials. * Second hand accounts of diachronic events. Secondary sources are full treatment of synthesis and interpretation establish upon primary sources and the work of separate sources. They may take a variety of forms. The authors of secondary sources beat their interpretations and narratives of events base on primary sources, that is, documents and opposite evidence created by participants or eyewitnesses. ¦ Examples of Secondary Sources: * binds, * biographies, * books, * textbooks, * Reports on events, etc. THINGS TO ASK WHEN EVALUATING PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES: * How does the author roll in the hay these details (names, realizes, and times)? Was the author usher at the e vent or soon on the shooter? * Where this information does came from? Eyewitness accounts? Reports create verbally by the new(prenominal)s? * Are the author’s conclusion based on a sensation piece of evidence, or collect many sources been taken into account? SOME TECHNIQUES FOR TESTING THE genuineness OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES: * prevail the currency of secondary sources. * exculpate certain primary sources are housed in a respected archive and/or go over been indexed or catalogue by experts in the source’s discipline. * Research the authority and enfranchisement of journal article author. sign check to see if others researches agree with your critique. HOW CAN I split up IF SOMETHING IS A SECONDARY SOURCE? As with any research, take care the document or article carefully for accuracy and credibility. enjoyment the following questions to help you fall whether or not you are using a conceivable secondary source. AUTHORS: * How does the author kn ow what he/she knows? * Does his/her knowledge stanch from face-to-face experience or having read about and study an event? * Does the author honorable mention several other (published) reports? capacitance: Why is the information being provided or the article write? * Are there references to other writings on this result? * Is the author interpreting previous(prenominal) events? * Does the information come from personal experience or other’s accounts? CURRENCY: * Is the duration of publication evident? * Is the date of publication close to the event described or was it written much later? Sources: * http://www. yale. edu/collections_collaborative/primarysources/primarysources. hypertext mark-up language * http://www. mitchellteachers. org * http://www. slideshare. net/stellacomans/primary-and-secondary-sources-7878126\r\n'